Multi-objective and Multi-disciplinary Optimization of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Blades
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Abstract
The demand for renewable energy is increasing, leading to more research on Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWTs) because they can be used in cities and rural areas. This review looks at the latest methods for improving the design of VAWT blades, to summarize the advancements in the multi-objective optimization and to highlight the interdisciplinary nature of the research, encompassing aerodynamics, materials science, and structural mechanics. It examines important factors like how air flows around the blades, their strength, and the materials used. The review also identifies gaps in current research and suggests future study directions. The goal is to enhance VAWT performance for better energy capture and use in various environments, especially where wind speeds are low. This research is crucial for advancing VAWT technology and making renewable energy more accessible and efficient. Aerodynamic performance remains a key focus, with computational fluid dynamic being the dominant method used for analysis. A few of the literature review findings are AI and machine learning are valuable tools for optimization but require validation. The structural and material innovations are advancing but need to be integrated with aerodynamic studies. Sustainable materials and manufacturing techniques are underexplored in the context of multi-objective optimization.
Manuscript received: 6 Jun 2025 | Revised: 20 Jul 2025 | Accepted: 11 Aug 2025 | Published: 30 Nov 2025
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